On Jan. 8, 1944, Billboard published its first version of a country songs chart according to the provided Billboard link.
Before that, though, Billboard did publish a monthly rundown of hillbilly hits from 1939-1942. Here’s a link to some of those publications at Archive.org. In addition to “Hillbilly Recordings,” there were lists of “International Recordings” and “Foreign Recordings.” Polka showed up in all categories, including hillbilly.
There are some familiar country names like Roy Acuff, Gene Autry, Patsy Montana, Jimmie Davis, Lulu Belle and Scotty, Cliff Bruner, Shelton Brothers, Light Crust Doughboys, Al Dexter, Bob Wills, Hank Penny, Buddy Jones, Louise Massey, Sally Foster, Floyd Tillman, Carlisle Brothers, Jimmy Wakely, Ted Daffan, Ernest Tubb, Delmore Brothers, and on and on, but it’s also worth mentioning the inclusion of polka (Romy Gosz, etc), jazz (Mezz Mezzrow, Clyde McCoy, Milt Herth,etc), and R&B (Four Clefs) artists on the “hillbilly recordings” list. Zany acts like the Hoosier Hotshots, Freddie Schnickelfritz, and Spike Jones and his City Slickers all show up.
This era of country music gets mostly overlooked. There are many artists who were popular at the time who are little known today. Since even Billboard itself looks at 1944 as the starting point for what became the Billboard country chart, a lot of the people who were popular from a few years earlier got lost in the shuffle.
I made a new playlist of Hillbilly Hits, 1939-1942. All of the songs on my playlist were on the Billboard hillbilly recordings list. I looked through the entire list, but a number of songs weren’t up on YouTube. This is a time capsule from this mostly forgotten era of country music, and a companion to my playlist of 1944-1949 Number One Country Hits.
If you’re interested in this era of music, I also suggest the History of Country Music site on Instagram , which is currently featuring songs from 1939.