John Matthias Augustus Stroh was born in Germany in 1828, and settled in London in 1851. In 1899, he patented the Stroh Violin. It’s that funny-looking fiddle with the horn that you might’ve seen in a museum. It’s actually a cool bit of technology, which inspired the better-known amplified instruments that were developed much later, such as resonator guitars. George Beauchamp was an important figure in the development of resonator guitars, the electric guitar, and the electric violin, and he was likely quite familiar with the Stroh instruments. Here’s an article about the development of the electric violin.
So, although we don’t hear a lot of Stroh violin today, we certainly hear a lot of the instruments inspired by its technology.
Here’s my Stroh Violin, Phonofiddle Etc playlist. The phonofiddle has one string, so it’s an interesting novelty. The list also has other related instruments. The vioara cu goarnă is a popular Romanian horn-violin.
Although lots of people tinker with these things, and plenty of articles mention that Stroh violins were used in early recordings, there’s surprisingly little in the way of specific information about early recordings. Charles D’Almaine’s 1904 recording of “Donkey and Driver” is a good one.
I expected to find some country examples, but other than one picture of Burl Ives playing a Stroh violin in 1967, I found just about nothing from the “classic country” era, and even at that, I don’t know if Burl actually recorded with the instrument.